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Major league winners: using sports and cultural centers as tools for economic development
Author
Publisher
CRC Press
Publication Date
c2010
Language
English
Description
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Table of Contents
From the Book
Preface
Acknowledgments
The Author
1. Urban Change, a Loss of Centrality, and New Destinies for Downtowns
I. Introduction
A. The Era of Subsidies and Hope
B. What Can New Facilities Do for a Region?
C. Subsidies and Strategic Investments: The Difference Defined
II. Sports, Entertainment, and Culture for Image, Attracting Human Capital, and Economic Development
III. The Beginning of an End to the Need for Central Cities
A. Population Change
B. Rise, Decline, and Lessons Learned from Festival Marketplaces
C. Indianpolis and a Civic Image Strategy
D. Rise of Sports and Culture for Revitalization
IV. Why Should Cities Care about Sports, Entertainment, and Culture?
A. Human Capital and Amenities
B. Are Sports, Entertainment, and Culture a City's Fool's Gold?
V. Sports, Entertainment, and Culture: The Trinity for Redevelopment
A. Cities, Sports Facilities, and Subsidies
B. Franchise Values and Changing the System
VI. Misplaced Revenues, Misplaced Values
VII. Goal and Organization of This Book
Endnotes
2. Teams, Cities, Elites, and the Real Value of "Big-Ticket"Amenities
I. A General Framework for Investments in Big-Ticket Items
II. The Value and Appropriateness of Big-Ticket Items
A. A City's Image
B. Amenities and the "Creative Class"
C. Amenities or Neighborhood Development?
III. Amenities, Human Capital, and Economic Development
A. Supply of Amenities
B. Importance of Amenities
IV. Organic Urban Change versus Planned Redevelopment
A. Delayed Development or Stagnation?
B. Growth Poles
V. Business Leaders and Urban Redevelopment
VI. The Unbalanced Playing Field between Teams and Cities
A. What are Teams Worth?
B. Implications of the Leagues' Control of the Supply of Teams
C. How Did the Leagues Amass Their Economic Power?
VII. Challenging the Leagues in Court, at the Statehouse, or in Congress
VIII. Revitalization and Development as an Alternative to Subsidies
IX. Summary
Endnotes
3. Indianapolis as the Broker City
I. The Indianapolis Plan: Goals, Objectives, and History
II. Indianapolis, Sports, and Redevelopment: What Was Built, How Much Was Invested, and Whose Dollars Were Spent?
A. What Was Built?
B. Who Paid How Much for the New Downtown?
III. Has Indianapolis Been Changed by the Sports and Downtown Redevelopment Strategy?
A. Maintaining Downtown Indianapolis
B. Regional Economic Changes and the Centrality of Downtown Indianapolis
C. Image of Indianapolis: Intangible Benefits and the Journey from "Indiana-No-Place" to Super Bowl Host City
IV. Challenges on the Horizon: Subsidies and Revenues
V. Indianapolis: The Broker City to Be a Major League Winner
Endnotes
4. Shared Risk, Shared Returns: San Diego's Unique Partnership for a Ballpark, Convention Center Hotel, and a New Downtown Neighborhood
I. Introduction
A. Fiscal Challenges for the Padres
B. "Poisoned Environment" for Sports Subsidies
II. The Padres and the "Need" for a New Ballpark
III. Politics of San Diego's Sports World
IV. Task Force II and the Generation of Substantial Public Benefits
V. Public Benefits and the Stigma of Subsidies
VI. Scorecard on the Ballpark District: What Was Built
VII. The Scorecard: Taxes Generated
VIII. The Ballpark District: Development, Land Use, and the Best Use of Urban Land
IX. The Ballpark District and San Diego: Mutual Risk in a New Model for Public/Private Partnerships
Endnotes
5. A White Elephant, an Arena, and Revitalization: Using Location and the Glitz of L.A. LIVE to Rebuild a Downtown Area
I. Introduction
II. Thinking Outside the Box: Bringing the Lakers and Kings Downtown
A. The Lakers, the Kings, and the "Fabulous Forum"
B. The "Fabulous Forum" and Its Limitations
C. Arena Economics and the Appeal of Downtown Los Angeles
III. Downtown Los Angeles: Liabilities and Assets
IV. Sealing and Selling the Deal
V. Los Angeles' Investment and Returns
A. Were the Taxpayers Protected?
B. Rebuilding Downtown: Housing
VI. Rebuilding Downtown Los Angeles: L.A. LIVE
VII. Rebuilding Downtown: Other Iconic Projects
VIII. Conclusions
Endnotes
6. Columbus, Major League Sports, and a New Downtown Neighborhood: A Failed Initiative and a Privately Built Arena
I. Introduction
II. Fighting for a Toe Hold in Professional Sports
A. Sports Leagues and Their Placement of Teams in Cincinnati and Cleveland
B. An Effort to Make Columbus Home to a Major League Team
III. A Privately Built Arena, Real Estate Development, and a Unique Public/Private Partnership
A. The Arena District Plan
B. Financing the Arena District
IV. Columbus' Arena District: An Early Assessment
V. Columbus' Arena District: What Was Built
VI. Conclusions
Endnotes
7. Can a City Win When Losing? Cleveland and the Building of Sports, Cultural, and Entertainment Facilities in the Midst of Population Declines and Job Losses
I. Introduction
II. The Crisis of Confidence
A. Racial Conflict and White Flight
B. Economic Contraction and Fiscal Default
III. Cleveland's "Hail Mary" Pass: Downtown Revitalization as Symbols of Confidence
A. Playhouse Square and a Citizen-Driven Public/Private Partnership
B. Public/Private Partnership Mayoralty of George Voinovich and the Reinvigoration of a Regime 6
C. Mayor Michael White and the Ballpark and Arena Proposal's Redux
D. Large Subsidies and the Dispersion of Assets
IV. Results of Cleveland's "Hail Mary" Pass
A. Private Investment Levels in Cleveland: Nonresidential Projects
B. Private Investment in Residential Properties
C. Tax Revenue Changes
D. Job Retention and Employment Changes
V. Extra Benefits from Building Amenities: Regional Cooperation
VI. Amending Cleveland's Major League Loser Status: New Leases
A. Provision of Extraordinary Subsidies
B. New Owners, New Possibilities
C. New Leases for the Ballpark and Arena
VII. Business Leaders and Downtown and Community Development
VIII. Conclusions
Endnotes
8. Stagnation, Crime, and Population Change: Reading's Volunteer Leadership Group and a Focus on Sports, Entertainment, the Arts, and Culture to Revitalize a Small City
I. Introduction: Economic Change in a Small City
II. Changes in a Small City: Economic and Racial Separation
A. Reading in Brief
B. Reading and Berks County Today
III. Into the Breach: A Volunteer Leadership Group and Its Focus on Entertainment
IV. Reimaging Reading: From the Outlet Capital to a Mid-Atlantic Arts Center
V. Reading's Leadership Group and Community Development
VI. Measures of Success
VII. Conclusions
Endnotes
9. Sports, Culture, Entertainment and Revitalization: Turning Subsidies into Strategic Investments
I. Introduction
II. Subsidies to Investments in the Aftermath of the Credit Crisis
A. Value of Amenities for Economic Development and Revitalization
B. Urban Tourism
III. Lessons Learned: Similarities within Differences
IV. Lessons Learned: Advice for Other Cities Looking to Sports, Entertainment, and Cultural Amenities for Revitalization
A. Recommendation 1: Value of Advertising
B. Recommendation 2: Concentrate Amenities and Make Detailed Plans
C. Recommendation 3: Build Neighborhoods or Iconic Architecture
D. Recommendation 4: Link Private Sector Investments to a Commitment of Tax Money
E. Recommendation 5: Organizations Needed to Succeed as a Broker City
F. Recommendation 6: Prudent Risk-Taking for Confidence Building
What Lesson Does This Offer?
G. Recommendation 7: "Über-Plans" Unifying Public and Private Capital
H. Recommendation 8: Constructively Involve Business Leaders in Downtown and Community Development
I. Recommendation 9: Level the Negotiating Table
V. Conclusion
Endnotes
References
Index
Author Notes
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Subjects
Subjects
City planning
City planning -- United States
City planning -- United States -- Case studies
Civic centers
Civic centers -- United States -- Planning
Civic centers -- United States -- Planning -- Case studies
Economic aspects
Planning
Sports
Sports -- Economic aspects -- United States
Sports -- Economic aspects -- United States -- Case studies
Sports facilities
Sports facilities -- United States -- Planning
Sports facilities -- United States -- Planning -- Case studies
Urban renewal
Urban renewal -- United States
Urban renewal -- United States -- Case studies
City planning -- United States
City planning -- United States -- Case studies
Civic centers
Civic centers -- United States -- Planning
Civic centers -- United States -- Planning -- Case studies
Economic aspects
Planning
Sports
Sports -- Economic aspects -- United States
Sports -- Economic aspects -- United States -- Case studies
Sports facilities
Sports facilities -- United States -- Planning
Sports facilities -- United States -- Planning -- Case studies
Urban renewal
Urban renewal -- United States
Urban renewal -- United States -- Case studies
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ISBN
9781439801598
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