Quantitative research in communication

Preface

Chapter 1. Introduction to Quantitative Research

An Overview of Quantitative Research in Communication

The Purpose of Quantitative Research

The Nature of Variables and Data

Types of Quantitative Research Designs

Steps in Quantitative Research

An Overview of the Book

References

Chapter 2. Using Statistics in Quantitative Research

Types of Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Dispersion

Typing It All Together in the Normal Distribution

Looking Ahead to Test Statistics and Effect Sizes

The Logic of Hypothesis Testing

Writing Results

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 3. Independent Samples or Student's t Test

Understanding the Independent Samples t Test

Calculating the Independent Samples t Test

Assumptions of the t Test

Using Computer Programs to Calculate t Tests

Interpreting Results of an Independent Samples t Test

The Independent Samples t Test in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 4. ONEWAY Analysis of Variance

Understanding the ONEWAY ANOVA

Calculating a ONEWAY ANOVA

Assumptions of the ONEWAY ANOVA

Using a Computer to Calculate ONEWAY ANOVA

Interpreting the Results of a Significant ONEWAY

The ONEWAY ANOVA in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 5. Factorial ANOVA

Understanding the Factorial ANOVA

Calculating a Factorial ANOVA

Assumptions of Factorial ANOVA

Using Computer Programs to Calculate Factorial ANOVAs

Interpreting the Results of a Significant ANOVA

The Factorial ANOVA in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 6. Analysis of Covariance

Understanding the Analysis of Covariance

Assumptions of ANCOVA

Interpreting Results of ANCOVA

Concluding Comments on ANCOVA

The ANCOVA in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 7. Multivariate ANOVA

Multivariate Designs

Why Use Multivariate Designs?

Statistical Assumptions of Multivariate Designs

Reporting Requirements

Repeated Measures

Why Use Repeated Measures?

Interpretations and Assumptions

The MANOVA in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 8. Chi-Square Statistic

Understanding the Chi-Square Statistic

Calculating a Chi-Square

Assumptions of the Chi-Square Statistic

Using Computer Programs to Calculate a Chi-Square

Interpreting the Results of a Significant Chi-Square

The Chi-Square in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 9. Simple Bivariate Correlation

Understanding the Correlation Coefficient

Calculating the Correlation Coefficient

Assumptions of the Correlation Coefficient

Using Computer Programs to Calculate Correlation Coefficients

Interpreting the Results of a Correlation

Correcting for Various Artifacts

The Correlation Coefficient in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 10. Multiple Regression

Understanding Multiple Regression

Calculating a Multiple Regression

Assumptions of Multiple Regression

Using Computer Programs to Calculate Regression

Interpreting the Results of a Multiple Regression

Multiple Regression in Communication Research

References

Sample SPSS Printouts

Chapter 11. Factor Analysis

The Purpose of Factor Analysis

Exploratory Factor Analysis

Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Factor Analysis in Communication Research

References

Example SPSS Printouts

Chapter 12. Advanced Modeling Techniques

Understanding Advanced Modeling

Describing the Model

Understanding the Test

Two Methods of Analysis

Ordinary Least Squares

Maximum Likelihood Estimation

Choosing a Technique

Other Advanced Modeling Approaches

SEM in Communication Research

References

Chapter 13. Meta-Analysis

Mathematical Argument for Meta-Analysis

The Practical Argument for Meta-Analysis

Structure of Writing in Meta-Analysis

The Literature Review

Methods for Conducting the Meta-Analysis

Results Section Reporting of a Meta-Analysis

Meta-Analysis in Communication Research

References

Appendix A. Critical Values for the t Statistic

Appendix B. Critical Values for the Chi-Square Statistic

Appendix C. Critical Values for the F Statistic

Appendix D. Critical Values for the r Statistic

Index

About the Authors