Modern China: continuity and change, 1644 to the present

Modern China; Brief Contents; Contents; List of Maps; List of Features; List of Tables; List of Figures; List of Photographs; Preface; Acknowledgments; Technical Note; Introduction: A Cultural Framework for Understanding China; Top-Down Characteristics: Confucianism, Militarism, Legalism, and Sinification; Radial Characteristics: Sinocentrism, Barbarian Management, and the Provincial System; Bottom-Up Characteristics: Daoism, Buddhism, and Poetry; Cyclical Elements: Yin and Yang, the Dynastic Cycle, and Historical Continuity; Retrospective Elements: Fate and the Sources of Knowledge

ConclusionsNotes; Bibliography; PART I: THE CREATION AND MATURATION OF AN EMPIRE, 1644-1842; 1 The Creation of the Qing Dynasty; The Ming Dynasty; The Qing Conquest of Ming China: Nurgaci and His Successors; Grafting the Manchus onto Han China under the Shunzhi Emperor; Territorial Consolidation under the Kangxi Emperor; Institutional Consolidation under the Yongzheng Emperor; Conclusions; Notes; Bibliography; 2 The Maximization of Empire under the Qianlong Emperor; The Conquest of the Zunghar Mongols; The Conquest of the Tarim Basin and Tibet

Qing Imperial Administration: The Tributary SystemDomestic Administration: Central and Local Government; The Economy of an Empire: Agriculture, Commerce, and Taxation; Conclusions; Notes; Bibliography; 3 Chinese Society at the Zenith of the Qing Dynasty; Manchu and Han Society; The Four Social Groups: Scholars, Peasants, Artisans, and Merchants; The Legal System; Confucianism as an Ideology; Shamanism, Confucianism, and Buddhism as Instruments of Manchu Rule; Conclusions; Notes; Bibliography; 4 The Foundations of Knowledge; Fidelity to the Past; The Confucian Classics

Thinking by Historical AnalogyUnderstanding the Natural World; The Examination System; Conclusions; Notes; Bibliography; 5 The Arrival of the West; Early Explorers; The Maritime Advance: Portugal, Spain, Holland, and England; The Continental Advance: Russia; The Legal and Religious Sources of Cultural Conflict; The Technological Revolution; Conclusions; Notes; Bibliography; 6 Systemic Crisis and Dynastic Decline; Government Corruption and Manchu Decadence; Population Growth, Ethnic Tensions, and the Miao Revolt; The White Lotus Rebellion and the Eight Trigrams Revolt; Imperial Overextension

Qing Attempts to Restore Governmental EfficacyConclusions; Notes; Bibliography; 7 Expanding Commercial Relations with the West; The Tea Trade and the Silver Inflow; The Opium Trade and the Silver Outflow; The British Rejection of Sinification; Chinese Strategy and the First Opium War; The Treaty of Nanjing: Treaty Ports, Tariffs, and North-South Tensions; Conclusions; Notes; Bibliography; PART II: DYNASTIC DECLINE AND COLLAPSE, 1842-1911; 8 Civil War and Foreign Intervention; North-South Tensions and the Origins of the Taiping Rebellion; The Taiping Movement; The Taiping Capital in Nanjing